Herdeck, D.E. African authors, 1973 p. 391 (Sembène, Ousmane, b. 1/8/23 Ziguinchor-Casamance, Senegal; novelist, short story writer, director, film-maker)
Colvin, L.G. Hist. dict. of Senegal, 1981 p. 256 (Sembène, Ousmane (1923- ); writer and leading Senegalese film director)
LC data base, 8/14/87 (hdg.: Ousmane, Sembene; usage: Sembene Ousmane, Sembène Ousmane, Ousmane Sembene, Ousmane Sembène; forms without accents used predominantly on English-language translations)
Sāmbīn, 2000 p. 7 (ʻUthmān Sāmbīn)
Mandabi, 1999 credits (Usman Semben)
New York times WWW site, June 11, 2007 (Ousmane Sembène, the Senegalese filmmaker and writer who was a crucial figure in Africa's postcolonial cultural awakening, has died at his home in Dakar, Senegal, aged 84; b. Jan. 1, 1923, in the Casamance region of southern Senegal)
Independent online ed., June 13, 2007 (Ousmane Sembène; b. Jan. 1, 1923, Ziguinchor, Senegal; d. June 9, 2007, Dakar; subversive director known as the "father of African cinema")
